Current articles and analyses on various areas of law
Establishing a company in Turkey does not automatically grant a foreigner the right to reside or work in the country. The possibility for foreigners to establish a company, the relationship between company formation and residence permits, the work permit requirement for foreign shareholders, capital and employment criteria, and the remedies available if the application is rejected are examined.
The unauthorized use of professional footballers' images and voices in advertisements and digital content through artificial intelligence technologies is examined within the framework of personality rights, intellectual property rights, personal data protection, the club's contractual right of use, and the legal remedies available to the footballer.
The legal remedies available to the owner of an immovable property where a mortgage is not removed from the land registry despite full repayment of the secured debt are examined within the framework of Articles 883 and 884 of the Turkish Civil Code, the action for release of mortgage, proof of payment of the debt, and claims for compensation.
A change of head coach in football is most often the result of a sporting preference; however, that preference does not eliminate the financial consequences of the existing contract. Termination on grounds of poor sporting results, the calculation of receivables and compensation, the notice of termination and mutual agreement, and jurisdiction and procedure in resolving the dispute are examined.
The production of a person's face, voice, or image in a manner contrary to reality using artificial intelligence technologies gives rise to new disputes in terms of personality rights, personal data protection, criminal law, and liability for damages. The legal remedies available where deepfake content is disseminated are examined.
Termination of a professional footballer's contract with just cause where the club fails to pay wages is examined within the framework of the TFF Regulations on the Status and Transfer of Professional Football Players, covering the notarial notice, the 30-day payment period, the 7-day termination period, social security registration, and receivable claims.
The right of foreign students receiving higher education in Turkey to work is subject to different conditions depending on the student's level of education. The right to work of associate and undergraduate students, the position of postgraduate students, and the points to be considered in work permit applications are examined.
A detailed examination of visa-free entry for Azerbaijani citizens, the 90-day stay within each 180-day period, whether a work permit application should be filed from within Turkey or abroad, the residence permit requirement, and whether a work permit is needed when establishing a company in Turkey.
An assessment of remote work performed by foreigners residing in Turkey for employers or clients abroad, within the framework of the residence permit, the work permit, company formation, tax obligations, and the social security dimension; with particular examination of the uncertainties in practice regarding the legal status of foreigners referred to as digital nomads.
An examination of the legal remedies available when a short-term residence permit application is rejected, an existing residence permit is not extended, or the foreigner's lawful stay status in Turkey comes to an end, within the framework of bringing an annulment action, making a fresh application, and the administrative consequences that a rejection decision may produce.
An examination of how, in debt enforcement proceedings based on negotiable instruments such as cheques, promissory notes, and bills of exchange, the creditor initiates proceedings through attachment specific to negotiable instruments, the debtor's rights of objection to the debt, objection to the signature, and complaint, together with the instrument's negotiable character, its mandatory elements, its maturity, the endorsement chain, and the matters to be considered during the enforcement process.
An examination of how, in non-judgment debt enforcement proceedings based on invoice receivables, the proceedings are stayed if the debtor objects to the payment order, together with the remedies of removal of the objection and annulment of the objection available to the creditor, and the evidential weight of the invoice, delivery or performance of services, partial payment, set-off, and commercial interest claims.
An examination of the conditions required for foreigners married to a Turkish citizen to apply for Turkish citizenship through marriage, the genuineness of the marital union, the interview and administrative investigation process, the circumstances that may lead to rejection of the application, and the legal remedies available against a rejection decision.
The legal status of sports clubs, their establishment structures as associations, the framework of sports club associations under Turkish law, and registration processes.
Termination of factoring contracts through expiration of the contract term, mutual agreement (rescission), ordinary and extraordinary termination, along with the legal nature and formal requirements of rescission agreements.
A detailed examination of the TFF Dispute Resolution Board's duties, formation, application procedures, trial process, and procedural rules within the scope of the DRB Regulations and TFF Statute.
The legal path for collecting a football player's receivables from a club varies significantly depending on whether the player holds amateur or professional status. While TFF regulations provide a contract-based dispute resolution system backed by sanctions for professional players, the process for amateur players is shaped by general legal provisions.
Legal employment of foreigners in Turkey is, as a rule, contingent upon obtaining a work permit. A comprehensive assessment of the work permit application process from abroad, employer criteria, required documents, post-approval obligations and the most common mistakes in practice.
Under Article 204 of the Turkish Criminal Code No. 5237, the crime of forgery of official documents provides for imprisonment from two to five years for persons who forge an official document, alter a genuine official document in a manner capable of deceiving others, or use a forged official document. A comprehensive assessment of the elements, perpetrator, statute of limitations and practical aspects of the offence.
Article 420 of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098 sets out the validity conditions for release agreements between employees and employers. The release agreement must be in writing, executed at least 1 month after the termination of the employment contract, clearly specify the type and amount of the receivable, and the payment must be made through a bank.
The crime of insult is regulated under Articles 125 et seq. of the Turkish Criminal Code No. 5765, under the heading of Offences Against Honour. A comprehensive assessment of the elements of the offence, perpetrator and victim, insult in presence and in absence, insult via the internet, qualified forms and criminal sanctions.
General information on the appeal period against deportation orders, the objection process for administrative detention, and key legal considerations in practice. A deportation order can be brought before the Administrative Court for annulment within 7 days of notification.
A general assessment of whether foreigners with irregular stay status in Turkey can apply for a residence permit, the risk of entry bans, and the legally compliant roadmap that can be followed. Irregular stay refers to remaining in Turkey after the expiration of a visa or residence permit and may result in administrative fines and entry ban decisions depending on how the violation is identified.
Professional football player contracts are a special service contract concluded between the footballer and the club, imposing obligations on both parties. These contracts are not evaluated within the scope of the Labor Law and are subject to the provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations regarding service contracts. Comprehensive evaluation of the legal nature, elements and legal framework of professional football player contracts.
In Turkey, football clubs started to become companies in the 1990s. Increases in broadcast revenues, sponsorship revenues and logo product sales increased clubs' revenues, while club expenses also increased with the increase in transfer fees. Comprehensive evaluation of the legal structure, characteristics and legal regulations of sports joint stock companies.
The surety contract is defined in Article 581 of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098. A surety contract is a contract in which the surety undertakes to be personally responsible to the creditor for the consequences of the debtor's failure to fulfill their debt. Comprehensive information about the conditions, types and termination cases of the surety contract.
Consensual divorce is regulated in Article 166/3 of the Turkish Civil Code No. 4721. If the marriage has lasted at least one year, a divorce decision can be made in case of joint application of the spouses or acceptance of one spouse's case by the other. Comprehensive information about the legal nature, conditions and consequences of the consensual divorce protocol.
According to the Turkish Code of Obligations, the landlord may terminate the lease contract due to the need for housing or workplace for themselves, their spouse, direct relatives in ascending and descending lines, and other persons they are obliged to support. Comprehensive information about the conditions and process of eviction lawsuits due to need.
Professional football player contracts are a special form of service contracts regulated in the Turkish Code of Obligations. These contracts are consensual agreements made between professional football players and clubs, imposing mutual responsibilities on the parties.
The Right to Be Forgotten, also known as the Right to Erasure, has emerged and been born as a new right regarding whether individuals' past in the virtual world, especially on the internet and social media, can be removed according to their own wishes as a result of the development of the science and technology age.
Today, the issue of renting real estate and the landlord-tenant relationship leads to significant disputes. There are multiple legal ways and factors for the landlord to evict the tenant from the property they own.